Instructional design (ID) is a system of procedures for developing education and training programs. All ID models were based on behaviourism, which is broadly defined as the philosophy and values associated with the measurement and study of human behaviour.
Instructional designers believe that the use of systematic design procedures can make instruction more effective than less rigorous approaches to planning instruction. Imagine the chaos that would result if three teachers who had been assigned to work on different part of instructional unit about computer did not coordinate their efforts, a single teacher can create major incongruities among goals, and evaluation by not using systematic thinking.
Instructional design has the core elements of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) to ensure congruence among goals, strategies and evaluations of the resulting instruction.
Instructional designers believe that the use of systematic design procedures can make instruction more effective than less rigorous approaches to planning instruction. Imagine the chaos that would result if three teachers who had been assigned to work on different part of instructional unit about computer did not coordinate their efforts, a single teacher can create major incongruities among goals, and evaluation by not using systematic thinking.
Instructional design has the core elements of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) to ensure congruence among goals, strategies and evaluations of the resulting instruction.
Analysis often includes conducting a needs assessment, identifying problem. Design includes writing objectives in measureable term. Development includes preparing student and instructor materials . Implementation includes delivering the instruction in the settings for which it was designed. Evaluation includes both summative and formative evaluation as well as revision
Besides the ADDIE as the fundamental concepts of instructional design process, there are several characteristics tht should be present in all ID :
- ID is learner-centered means that the learner and their performance are the focal point of all instruction, Thus may be no initial assumption that a teacher is even needed for the learner to achieve stated objectives
- ID is Goal Oriented means that goals should reflect learner expectation and ensure the appropriate implementation
- ID focuses on Real Word performance means that instruction design focuses on preparing learners to perform the behaviours that will be expected of them in the real world
- ID focuses on outcomes that can be measured in reliable way means that how the knowledge and skill might be applied or otherwise used to enhance the validity of assessment.
- ID is Empirical means that data are the heart of the ID process
- ID typically is a team effort means that most ID projects require the specialized skills of variety individuals.
Source : Gustavom Branch (2012) What is Instructional Design
Besides the ADDIE as the fundamental concepts of instructional design process, there are several characteristics tht should be present in all ID :
- ID is learner-centered means that the learner and their performance are the focal point of all instruction, Thus may be no initial assumption that a teacher is even needed for the learner to achieve stated objectives
- ID is Goal Oriented means that goals should reflect learner expectation and ensure the appropriate implementation
- ID focuses on Real Word performance means that instruction design focuses on preparing learners to perform the behaviours that will be expected of them in the real world
- ID focuses on outcomes that can be measured in reliable way means that how the knowledge and skill might be applied or otherwise used to enhance the validity of assessment.
- ID is Empirical means that data are the heart of the ID process
- ID typically is a team effort means that most ID projects require the specialized skills of variety individuals.
Source : Gustavom Branch (2012) What is Instructional Design